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Job offers
03/02/2025
Post-doctoral Position in Cortical Plasticity Team

We seek a highly motivated and proactive team player to join our international group. In this collaborative project (collaborator: Brice Bathellier at Institut Pasteur), you will study the dysfunctional maturation of prefrontal cortex ensembles in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease using population activity measures (miniscope or mini-2-photon calcium imaging) together with innovative tools for labeling and computational approaches. Please see our recent paper on bioRxiv for some context of the project: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.09.13.612936v1


The postdoc position is fully funded for 3 years by the Foundation for Medical Research. The appointee must have a PhD or equivalent qualification in neuroscience, life sciences, medicine, bioinformatics, mathematics, or physics. The candidate should also be proficient in English. Interested applicants should send a cv, brief statement of research experience and interests, and names of 2-3 references to Dr. Andreas Frick: andreas.frick@inserm.fr




General informations
03/02/2025






Hottopic
29/01/2025 13h45
Ourania SEMELIDOU from Frick's lab will give a presentation entitled "Disentangling sensory sensitivity, perceptual biases, and attention deficits in autism". Please join us in the conference room, or via Zoom: https://u-bordeaux-fr.zoom.us/j/88458941797

Seminars
13/12/2024 10h00
Mini-symposium: Brain states, sensory processing and transformation into action in neurotypical and autistic conditions

Meeting room: BBS Amphitheater (new building behind Neurocentre Magendie)

Venue: BBS

Organized by Andreas Frick and Théo Gauvrit

Speakers

Ian Duguid, University of Edinburgh (UK)

Brice Bathellier, Institut Pasteur (France)

Elizabeth Milne, The University of Sheffield (UK)

Elizabeth Milne
Resting State EEG biomarkers for autism: sparse findings from a large sample

Substantial research time has been dedicated to the search for an EEG-based biomarker for autism. However, despite intensive effort, no single biomarker nor common understanding about the way(s) in which neural dynamics may differ between autistic and neurotypical people has been identified.

In this talk, I will present the results of a large-scale secondary data analysis project where we compared eyes-open resting state EEG dynamics between autistic and neurotypical people in a sample of 776 participants (421 autistic, 355 neurotypical) and in a follow-up study where we analysed both eyes-open and eyes-closed resting state data in a sample of 300 participants (126 autistic and 355 neurotypical).

We took an extremely exploratory approach, extracting 726 variables from each participant reflecting absolute and relative power across six frequency bands; 1/f aperiodic activity; multiscale entropy, phase-amplitude coupling, and intersite phase coherence. After computing effect size and split-half reliability coefficients, we found very few variables that reliably differed between the autistic and neurotypical samples, although we noted that reliable group differences were more likely to be observed in data acquired during eyes-closed resting than eyes-open resting state. Group differences, where they occurred, were found primarily in variables that reflected relative power and hemispheric power asymmetry, particularly in the lower frequency bands (delta, alpha), and multi-scale entropy over frontal regions.

These data speak strongly to the heterogeneity and inter-individual variability of the autism profile and pose a substantial challenge to projects that aim to identify a single biomarker that reflects the diagnostic label of autism.



Brice Bathellier
A spatial code for temporal information is necessary for efficient sensory learning

The temporal structure of sensory inputs contains essential information for their interpretation. Sensory cortex represents these temporal cues through two codes: the temporal sequences of neuronal activity and the spatial patterns of neuronal firing rate. However, it is unknown which of these coexisting codes causally drives sensory decisions. To separate their contributions, we generated in the mouse auditory cortex optogenetically-driven activity patterns differing exclusively along their temporal or spatial dimensions. Mice could rapidly learn to behaviorally discriminate spatial but not temporal patterns. Moreover, large-scale neuronal recordings across the auditory system revealed that the auditory cortex is the first region in which spatial patterns efficiently represent temporal cues on the time scale of several hundred milliseconds. This feature is shared by the deep layers of neural networks categorizing time-varying sounds. Therefore, the emergence of a spatial code for temporal sensory cues is a necessary condition to efficiently associate temporally structured stimuli with decisions.



Ian Duguid
Corticospinal neurons in efficient response control

The ability to execute appropriate actions in response to salient environmental cues is termed response control. This requires brain-wide sensory-to-action transformations, involving sensory perception, motor planning, and ultimately movement execution, the latter being driven in part by a subset of motor cortical projection neurons with direct access to the spinal cord. These corticospinal neurons (CSNs) provide time-varying spinal cord input to orchestrate complex muscle synergies necessary for executing skilled movements and disrupting their output leads to loss of limb function, impaired reach precision, and hand discoordination. While CSN activation has been associated with movement execution and kinematic parameterization (e.g., force, velocity, and amplitude), in this talk I will discuss how CSN suppression, a ubiquitous feature of CSN dynamics across species, is topographically and temporally organised in motor cortex and how bidirectional CSN output contributes to the execution of task-appropriate actions.



PhD/HDR defense
13/12/2024 14h00
Théo Gauvrit from Frick's lab will defend his thesis entitled 'Computational approaches for the analysis and modeling of atypical sensory experience in autism'.

from Frick's lab will defend his thesis entitled 'Computational approaches for the analysis and modeling of atypical sensory experience in autism'.

vendredi 13 décembre / 14:00
Lieu : amphithéâtre de l’ENSTBB
(bâtiment avec la boule bleue, à côté de l’entrée du campus 135 rue Bethmann)

Soutenance en anglais

Théo Gauvrit
Neurocentre Magendie

Thèse dirigée par Andreas Frick

Title
Approches computationnelles pour l’analyse et la modélisation de l’expérience atypique dans l’autisme

Computational approaches for the analysis and modeling of atypical sensory experience in autism

Résumé
Comment le cerveau encode-t-il la perception des stimuli sensoriels provenant de notre environnement? Cette question, toujours en partie non élucidée, devient d’autant plus intrigante dans le contexte de l’autisme, une condition neurodéveloppementale caractérisée par une expérience sensorielle atypique parmi ses principaux symptômes. Ces altérations sensorielles, qui se manifestent souvent par une hyper- ou une hyporéactivité ou par une variabilité des réponses sensorielles, sont présentes chez la grande majorité des personnes autistes, impactent fortement leur vie quotidienne et contribuent à d’autres symptômes centraux de la condition. D’importantes altérations neurophysiologiques dans le cerveau sont suspectées de générer ces symptômes, mais le manque d’étude dans ce domaine rend les mécanismes sous-jacents et les cibles thérapeutiques potentielles peu clairs. Nous avons adopté une approche translationnelle préclinique pour explorer les bases neurobiologiques des expériences sensorielles atypiques dans le domaine tactile. Cela a impliqué l’enregistrement de l’activité neuronale spontanée et évoquée par des stimuli au niveau des neurones individuels dans le cortex somatosensoriel primaire (S1) de souris anesthésiées du modèle murin bien établi Fmr1-/y de l’autisme. Nous avons par la suite continué par la caractérisation de l’activité de la population neuronale de S1 avec une résolution cellulaire chez des animaux éveillés lors d’une tâche de prise de décision perceptuelle dans le même modèle de souris.
En examinant l’activité neuronale spontanée et évoquée par des stimuli dans des neurones individuels du S1, nous avons identifié une variabilité significative d’un essai à l’autre dans les réponses neuronales des souris Fmr1-/y, une caractéristique marquante du traitement sensoriel atypique chez les personnes autistes. Nous avons attribué les sources de cette variabilité à une augmentation du bruit neuronal endogène, se manifestant par des fluctuations aléatoires de l’activité neuronale, et à une instabilité du réseau, caractérisée par des états rapides, incohérents et contrastés. De plus, l’application locale (dans le S1) d’un agoniste des canaux BKCa a réduit l’hyperexcitabilité neuronale locale et corrigé de nombreuses caractéristiques des réponses synaptiques ainsi que leur variance, mais a eu peu d’effet sur la variabilité d’essai à essai, suggérant que cette variabilité et l’hyperexcitabilité sont moins étroitement liées que ce que l’on pensait auparavant.

Pour évaluer l’impact de ces altérations neuronales sur la détection tactile, nous avons combiné une tâche de prise de décision translationnelle (adaptée d’études humaines) avec de l’imagerie fonctionnelle dans le S1. Nos résultats ont reproduit les altérations tactiles multiformes observées chez les personnes autistes, avec une hyposensibilité tactile, une variabilité interindividuelle et des réponses comportementales peu fiables chez les souris Fmr1-/y. En examinant l’activité évoquée des neurones pyramidaux et GABAergiques, nous avons découvert que cette perception tactile altérée pouvait s’expliquer par un faible encodage du stimulus dans le S1, rendant la détection des stimuli plus vulnérable aux états du réseau en cours, et donc moins fiable. En réduisant l’hyperexcitabilité locale dans le S1 à l’aide d’un agoniste des canaux BKCa, nous avons renforcé l’encodage des stimuli et ainsi amélioré la détection tactile chez les souris Fmr1-/y.

Nos résultats soulignent le rôle crucial du bruit et de la variabilité neuronale dans le traitement de l’information sensorielle, ainsi que l’influence de l’hyperexcitabilité et des états du réseau sur la perception sensorielle. Cette approche translationnelle offre un aperçu mécanistique des fondements neuronaux de la perception tactile atypique dans l’autisme et met en lumière le potentiel thérapeutique de cibler ces mécanismes neuronaux pour améliorer la sensibilité et la fiabilité sensorielles chez les personnes autistes.

Mots clés: Autisme, Perception, Toucher, Bruit Neuronal, Cortex

Publications
Endogenous noise of neocortical neurons correlates with atypical sensory response variability in the Fmr1−/y mouse model of autism.
Arjun A. Bhaskaran, Théo Gauvrit, Yukti Vyas, Guillaume Bonny, Melanie Ginger, Andreas Frick
Nature Communnications 14, 7905 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43777-z

Stimulus encoding shapes tactile perception and underlies alterations in autism
bioRxiv 2024.08.08.607129; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.08.607129
Ourania Semelidou, Théo Gauvrit, Célien Vandromme, Alexandre Cornier, Anna Saint-Jean, Yves Le Feuvre, Melanie Ginger, Andreas Frick

Jury
Rapporteur; M. Brice BATHELLIER; Directeur de Recherche; Université Paris-Cité – INSERM
Rapporteur; Mme. Elizabeth MILNE; Professeure; University of Sheffield
Examinateur; M. Ian DUGUID; Professeur; University of Edinburgh;
Examinateur; Mme. Susanna PIETROPAOLO; Chargée de Recherche; Université de Bordeaux – CNRS
Date de la soutenance: 13/12/2024 - 14h00
Lieu: amphithéâtre de l’ENSTBB (bâtiment avec la boule bleue, à côté de l’entrée du campus 135 rue Bethmann)

Pour plus de détails: https://www.bordeaux-neurocampus.fr/event/soutenance-de-these-theo-gauvrit/


Hottopic
27/11/2024 13h00
Théo Gauvrit from Frick's lab will give a presentation titled "Computational approaches for the analysis and modelling of atypical sensory experience in autism". Please join us in the conference room, or via https://u-bordeaux-fr.zoom.us/j/88458941797.


Ourania Semelidou, postdoctoral researcher at Neurocentre Magendie, was awarded the 2024 NARSAD Young Investigator Grant from the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (BBRF). Continuing the work she started on tactile perception as an FRM postdoctoral fellow, in the next two years Ourania will be conducting her research in the team “Cortical Plasticity”, co-mentored for this project by Andreas Frick and Anna Beyeler. Ourania’s project, titled “Attentional Control of Social Touch in Social Anxiety Disorder”, aims to broaden our understanding of social touch processing and attentional control in social anxiety disorder.
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder, characterized by excessive and persistent fear of possible negative evaluation by others during social interactions, which often leads to social avoidance and withdrawal. Touch is a very important form of social interaction, reported altered in social anxious individuals who do not seem to profit from its advantages. However, even though a dislike for social touch has been reported by socially anxious individuals, neural responses to touch and the attentional processes necessary to filter this information when it becomes irrelevant have not been studied. Ourania’s project aims to characterize social and non-social tactile perception and its attentional control in social anxiety disorder, at the behavioral and neuronal level. To this end, Ourania will employ a mouse model of SAD and combine a novel tactile decision-making task with 2-photon microscopy in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). This is the first study to characterize the neural correlates of social touch alterations in SAD, using a translational task that can be modified and employed in human studies for objective measurements of tactile responses in socially anxious individuals.
Building on her previous work, the BBRF Young Investigator Grant will enable Ourania to further advance her research and support her transition toward an independent research career.





Hottopic
24/04/2024 13h00
Marie Oulé from Frick's lab will give a presentation entitled «VIP interneurons receive inputs from head-direction coding regions and are critical for memory».

General informations
22/04/2024






General informations
01/01/2024
Christmas Quiz answers

Thanks to the many people who took part in the Christmas quiz, with a special nod who provided the humorous answers, and congratulations once again to the winners of this 2023 edition:
- ITA: Jean-François FIANCETTE (Deroche team)
- PhD student: Yoni COUDERC (Beyeler team)
- Post-doctoral researcher: Yuktiben VYAS (Frick team)
- Researcher: Sarah MOUNTADEM (Oliet team)
In this January newsletter, you'll find answers to the questions that have been asked.
Should you require any further information on this subject, please do not hesitate to ask to your "assistant de prévention".
We also wish you all the best for 2024!




Pièces jointes